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The MacDonald Letter of 1931, also known as the Black Letter, was a letter from Ramsey MacDonald, head of the British Labour Party, to Chaim Weizmann, prominent Zionist leader, in response to the Passfield White Paper. The White Paper limited Jewish immigration to Palestine and Jewish purchase of Arab land. Zionists organizations worldwide mounted a vigorous campaign against the document, which culminated in MacDonald's "clarification" of the White Paper, reaffirming British support for the continuation of Jewish immigration and land purchase in Palestine. It was considered a withdrawal of the Passfield White Paper, despite the fact that Prime Minister said in parliament on 11 February 1931 that he was "very unwilling to give the letter the same status as the dominating document" i.e. the Passfield White Paper. The letter itself also claimed the importance of justice for "non-Jewish sections of the community".〔Hyamson (1942), p. 146〕 Arabs renounced the letter as the "Black Letter", primarily upset because Jewish immigration continued with increasing numbers, the purchase of land by Jews continued without restrictions, and the steps taken to protect Arab tenant farmers from being removed from their land was ineffective.〔Hyamson (1942), p.145〕 By confirming that the policy of the Palestine Mandate was to continue to support Jewish immigration, the letter in effect negated the implications of the White Paper and facilitated increasing immigration during the growth of anti-semitism in Europe in the 1930s.〔Shapira (2014), p. 87.〕 == References == Notes Bibliography * Hymanson, Albert M. (1942) ''Palestine: A Policy''. London: Methuene. * Shapira, Anita (2014). ''Ben-Gurion – Father of Modern Israel.'' New Haven and London: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-18045-9. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「MacDonald Letter」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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